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SF0132 • 2025

Protecting critical infrastructure and systems from drones.

AN ACT relating to defense forces and affairs; prohibiting the use and operation of unmanned aircraft systems over critical infrastructure and critical systems; specifying exceptions; providing and amending penalties; authorizing the use of the Wyoming national guard; providing definitions; making conforming amendments; providing duties for the attorney general; and providing for an effective date.

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Enacted

This bill passed the Legislature and reached final enactment based on the latest official action.

Sponsor
Senator Jones
Last action
2025-03-05
Official status
enrolled
Effective date
3/5/2025

Plain English Breakdown

The exact equipment used by the National Guard to enforce this act is not specified in the official source material.

Protecting Critical Infrastructure from Drones

This law stops people from flying drones over important places like power plants and hospitals, except for those who are allowed by special rules.

What This Bill Does

  • It makes it illegal to fly a drone over or near critical infrastructure without permission.
  • It lists specific types of facilities that are considered critical infrastructure, such as water treatment plants, military bases, mines, and hospitals.
  • It allows certain groups like the government, law enforcement, and private landowners to use drones in these areas if they follow rules set by the FAA or other authorized entities.
  • It says that anyone who breaks this rule can be punished with fines or jail time.
  • It lets the governor call on the Wyoming National Guard to help stop illegal drone activity.

Who It Names or Affects

  • People who fly drones over critical infrastructure without permission are affected by this law.
  • Law enforcement and emergency personnel are allowed to use drones in these areas under certain conditions.
  • The Wyoming Attorney General must represent the National Guard and law enforcement if they face legal issues related to enforcing this law.

Terms To Know

Critical Infrastructure
Important facilities or systems that are vital for the security, health, and safety of the United States.
Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS)
A drone or similar flying device without a human pilot on board.

Limits and Unknowns

  • The law does not specify how it will be enforced in practice.
  • It is unclear what specific equipment the National Guard might use to stop illegal drones.
  • There are no details about funding for enforcement or penalties beyond those listed in the act.

Amendments

These notes stay tied to the official amendment files and metadata from the legislature.

SF0132H2001

2nd reading • Representative Larson, JT

Adopted

Plain English: The amendment adds a new requirement for the attorney general to represent Wyoming National Guard members and law enforcement officials in legal cases that may arise from their actions under certain sections of the bill.

  • Adds a new section (g) requiring the attorney general to provide legal representation to Wyoming National Guard members, peace officers, or law enforcement officials involved in litigation due to compliance with specific sections of the bill.
  • The amendment does not specify which particular sections (e) and (f) refer to, so it's unclear exactly what actions these representatives will be defending.
  • It is not clear from this text alone how extensive or limited the attorney general’s duties will be in providing legal representation.
SF0132H2002

2nd reading • Representative Larson, JT

Failed

Plain English: The amendment adds a new section to the bill that allocates five million dollars from the general fund for the Wyoming military department to purchase equipment to prevent or stop unauthorized drone use over critical infrastructure.

  • Adds an appropriation of $5,000,000 from the general fund to the Wyoming Military Department for purchasing anti-drone equipment.
  • Specifies that this funding is available until June 30, 2026, and cannot be used for other purposes.
  • Clarifies that any leftover funds will revert as required by law on June 30, 2026.
  • The amendment does not specify what types of anti-drone equipment can or should be purchased with the allocated funds.
SF0132H3001

3rd reading • Representative Yin

Failed

Plain English: The amendment to SF0132H3001 changes the numbering of certain items in the bill text.

  • Removes lines 12 and 13 from page 2 of the bill.
  • Changes '(ii)' to '(i)' on line 15 of page 2.
  • Changes '(iii)' to '(ii)' on line 18 of page 2.
  • The exact content removed by deleting lines 12 and 13 is not provided, so the full impact of this change cannot be explained.
SF0132H3002

3rd reading • Representative Larson, JT

Failed

Plain English: The amendment adds a provision to allocate $500,000 from the general fund to cover civil damages related to wrongful damage or confiscation of unmanned aircraft systems under the new act.

  • Adds an appropriation of $500,000 from the general fund for the Office of Homeland Security within the Governor's office to pay civil damages resulting from wrongful actions against unmanned aircraft systems and model aircrafts.
  • Specifies that this funding is available until June 30, 2028, and cannot be used for other purposes.
  • The amendment does not specify how the $500,000 will be allocated or managed beyond its initial purpose.
  • It's unclear what criteria will determine which parties are eligible to receive compensation from this fund.
SF0132H3003

3rd reading • Representative Larson, JT

Adopted

Plain English: The amendment adds a new definition that allows the governor to designate any other facility or property as critical infrastructure or a critical system.

  • Adds language allowing the governor to identify additional facilities or properties as critical infrastructure or systems.
  • It is unclear how this designation process will be implemented in practice and what criteria the governor will use to make these designations.
SF0132HS001

Standing Committee • House Minerals, Business and Economic Development

Divided

Plain English: The amendment adds a new reason why someone might not be allowed to fly drones over certain areas and changes when a part of the law will take effect.

  • Adds 'to harass wildlife or livestock' as an additional prohibited use for unmanned aircraft systems (drones) over critical infrastructure and critical systems.
  • Changes the effective date from July 1, 2025 to immediately after all necessary steps are completed for a bill to become law.
  • The amendment text does not provide details on how 'harassment' of wildlife or livestock will be defined or enforced.
SF0132HS001.01

Standing Committee • House Minerals, Business and Economic Development

Corrected, Adopted

Plain English: The amendment changes the effective date of the bill from July 1, 2025, to immediately after all necessary acts for a bill to become law are completed.

  • Changes the effective date of the bill's provisions from July 1, 2025, to an immediate effect upon completion of all required legal steps.
SF0132HS001.02

Standing Committee • House Minerals, Business and Economic Development

Corrected, Failed

Plain English: The amendment adds a new reason for prohibiting the use of unmanned aircraft systems, specifically to prevent harassment of wildlife or livestock.

  • Adds a new clause (iv) that prohibits using unmanned aircraft systems to harass wildlife or livestock.
  • The amendment does not specify what actions would be considered as 'harassment' for wildlife or livestock, leaving this detail undefined.
SF0132S3001

3rd reading • Senator Hicks

Adopted

Plain English: The amendment adds a new section to the bill that prohibits people from using drones or model airplanes carrying explosive devices near critical infrastructure and systems, with exceptions for law enforcement and military operations.

  • Adds a new subsection (b) prohibiting the use of unmanned aircraft systems or model aircrafts carrying explosives over or near critical infrastructure or systems, except for law enforcement and military purposes.
  • Updates references to existing subsections throughout the bill to reflect the addition of this new subsection.
  • The amendment text does not provide specific details on what constitutes a 'model aircraft' or how it differs from an unmanned aircraft system in terms of regulation and penalties.
SF0132SS001

Standing Committee • Senate Travel, Recreation, Wildlife and Cultural R

Adopted

Plain English: The amendment modifies the bill to allow private landowners to use unmanned aircraft systems on their own property and adds definitions for mining and manufacturing facilities as critical infrastructure.

  • Adds an exception allowing private landowners to operate drones on their own property.
  • Includes surface, subsurface, or in-situ mining and manufacturing facilities as types of critical infrastructure.
  • The exact impact of these changes on the overall bill's effectiveness is not specified.
SF0132VT001

Veto Override

S Adopted, H Adopted

Plain English: This amendment overrides the governor's veto of a bill that restricts drone usage over critical infrastructure and systems in Wyoming.

  • Overrides the governor's decision to reject the original bill.
  • The text does not provide details about what changes were made to the original bill, only that it overrides the veto.

Bill History

  1. 2025-03-05 LSO

    Assigned Chapter Number 112

  2. 2025-03-04 Wyoming Legislature

    Veto Message Received

  3. 2025-03-04 Governor

    Governor Vetoed SEA No. 0058

  4. 2025-02-27 House

    H Speaker Signed SEA No. 0058

  5. 2025-02-27 Senate

    S President Signed SEA No. 0058

  6. 2025-02-27 LSO

    Assigned Number SEA No. 0058

  7. 2025-02-27 Senate

    S Concur:Passed 25-4-2-0-0

  8. 2025-02-27 Senate

    S Received for Concurrence

  9. 2025-02-27 House

    H 3rd Reading:Passed 50-9-3-0-0

  10. 2025-02-26 House

    H 2nd Reading:Passed

  11. 2025-02-25 House

    H COW:Passed

  12. 2025-02-24 House

    H Placed on General File

  13. 2025-02-24 House

    H09 - Minerals:Recommend Amend and Do Pass 9-0-0-0-0

  14. 2025-02-14 House

    H Introduced and Referred to H09 - Minerals

  15. 2025-02-07 House

    H Received for Introduction

  16. 2025-02-07 Senate

    S 3rd Reading:Passed 30-1-0-0-0

  17. 2025-02-06 Senate

    S 2nd Reading:Passed

  18. 2025-02-05 Senate

    S COW:Passed

  19. 2025-02-04 Senate

    S Placed on General File

  20. 2025-02-04 Senate

    S06 - Travel:Recommend Amend and Do Pass 5-0-0-0-0

  21. 2025-01-23 Senate

    S Introduced and Referred to S06 - Travel

  22. 2025-01-20 Senate

    S Received for Introduction

  23. 2025-01-17 LSO

    Bill Number Assigned

Official Summary Text

Bill Summary - 25LSO-0684

Bill No.:

SF0132

Effective:

Immediately

LSO No.:

25LSO-0684

Enrolled Act No.:

SEA No. 0058

Chapter No.:

112

Prime Sponsor:

Jones

Catch Title:

Protecting critical infrastructure and systems from drones.

Has Report:

No

Subject:

Prohibiting the use of unmanned aircraft systems over critical infrastructure.

Summary/Major Elements:

This act prohibits the operation or use of unmanned aircraft systems (including those with explosives) over critical infrastructure or a critical system to photograph the critical infrastructure or system, loiter over critical infrastructure, or to commit a crime.

For purposes of this act, critical systems include petroleum and chemical facilities, water facilities, electric generation facilities, railroads, public safety facilities, correctional facilities, military installations, mines, and hospitals. Current law provides that critical infrastructure is any property or system that is vital to the security, health, and safety of the United States.

The prohibitions in this act do not apply to persons authorized by the Federal Aviation Administration, governmental entities, law enforcement and emergency personnel, a private landowner, and the owner of the critical infrastructure.

This act provides that a person who violates the prohibitions established in this act are guilty of a misdemeanor (for a first offense) or a felony (for a second or subsequent offense).

The act authorizes peace officers and law enforcement to take or authorize the use of reasonable actions to prevent or stop the use of unmanned aircraft systems or model aircrafts that are violating the prohibitions established in this act.

The act authorizes the Governor to order the Wyoming National Guard to assist in taking or using reasonable actions to prevent or stop unmanned aircraft systems that are violating this act. The act requires the Wyoming Attorney General to represent the Wyoming National Guard and law enforcement in litigation associated with their actions in enforcing this act.

Comments:

The
Legislature
overrode the Governor's veto of this act.
The above summary is not an official publication of the Wyoming Legislature and is not an official statement of legislative intent.

While the Legislative Service Office endeavored to provide accurate information in this summary, it should not be relied upon as a comprehensive abstract of the bill.

Current Bill Text

Read the full stored bill text
25LSO-0684

ORIGINAL Senate

ENGROSSED
File No
.
SF0132

ENROLLED ACT NO. 58,

SENATE

SIXTY-EIGHTH LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WYOMING
2025 General Session

AN ACT relating to defense forces and affairs; prohibiting the use and operation of unmanned aircraft systems over critical infrastructure and critical systems; specifying exceptions; providing and amending penalties; authorizing the use of the Wyoming national guard; providing definitions; making conforming amendments; providing duties for the attorney general; and providing for an effective date.

Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Wyoming:

Section 1
.

W.S. 19
‑
13
‑
503 is created to read:

ARTICLE 5
PROTECTION OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

19
‑
13
‑
503.

Unlawful operation of unmanned aircraft systems over critical infrastructure and systems prohibited; permitted actions by law enforcement.

(a)

Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, no person shall operate or use an unmanned aircraft system over or near critical infrastructure or a critical system:

(i)

To intentionally photograph critical infrastructure or a critical system;

(ii)

To intentionally loiter over or near critical infrastructure or a critical system;

(iii)

In furtherance of any other criminal offense.

(b)

Unless otherwise authorized by law, no person shall operate or use an unmanned aircraft system or model aircraft that is carrying, contains or is an explosive device over or near critical infrastructure or a critical system. This subsection shall not apply to law enforcement and the military while acting in the course of their lawful duties.

(c)

This section shall not apply to:

(i)

A person authorized by the federal aviation administration to operate or use an unmanned aircraft system if the person's operation or use complies with the authorization granted or with rules promulgated by the federal aviation administration;

(ii)

A governmental entity's use of an unmanned aircraft system owned by the governmental entity;

(iii)

The use of an unmanned aircraft system by the owner or the owner's agent of critical infrastructure or a critical system on or near the owner's critical infrastructure or critical system;

(iv)

The use of an unmanned aircraft system by a law enforcement agency, emergency medical service agency, hazardous materials response team, disaster management agency or other emergency management agency for the purpose of incident command, area reconnaissance, personnel and equipment deployment monitoring, training or a related purpose;

(v)

The use of an unmanned aircraft system by a private landowner on property owned by the private landowner.

(d)

A person who violates subsection (a) or (b) of this section is guilty of:

(i)

A misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment not to exceed six (6) months, a fine not to exceed two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500.00), or both, for a first offense;

(ii)

A felony punishable by imprisonment not to exceed two (2) years, a fine not to exceed five thousand dollars ($5,000.00), or both, for a second or subsequent offense.

(e)

A peace officer or law enforcement official may take or authorize the use of reasonable actions to prevent or stop the use of unmanned aircraft systems or model aircrafts operating in violation of this section. For purposes of this subsection, reasonable actions may include disabling, damaging or removing the unmanned aircraft system or model aircraft from the prohibited location.

(f)

The governor may order the national guard of Wyoming to assist in taking or using reasonable actions to prevent or stop the use of unmanned aircraft systems or model aircrafts operating in violation of this section, in accordance with W.S. 19
‑
9
‑
207.

(g)

The attorney general shall represent Wyoming national guard members, peace officers or law enforcement officials in litigation that may commence due to a national guard member's, peace officer's or law enforcement official's compliance with subsection (e) or (f) of this section.

Section 2.

W.S. 10
‑
4
‑
303 by creating a new subsection (d), 19
‑
9
‑
207(a) by creating a new paragraph (iv) and by renumbering (iv) as (v) and 19
‑
13
‑
501(a) by creating new paragraphs (vi) through (viii) are amended to read:

10
‑
4
‑
303.

Low or dangerous flight; landing on land or water of another; penalties and remedies.

(d)

A person who operates or uses an unmanned aircraft in a manner that is not lawful under subsection (a) of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment not to exceed six (6) months, a fine not to exceed seven hundred fifty dollars ($750.00), or both.

19
‑
9
‑
207.

Suppressing tumult; preserving order, insuring public safety; expenses; creation of additional units; draft.

(a)

The governor may order any designated person or commanding officer of any military unit to appear with or without his command at a time and place specified to:

(iv)

Prevent or stop the use of unmanned aircraft systems or model aircrafts violating W.S. 19
‑
13
‑
503;

(iv)
(v)

Perform such other duties as the commander in chief may require and which the militia or national guard may lawfully perform.

19
‑
13
‑
501.

Definitions.

(a)

As used in this article:

(vi)

"Critical system" means any one (1) or more of the following:

(A)

A petroleum refinery;

(B)

A petroleum, chemical or rubber production, transportation, storage or processing facility;

(C)

A chemical manufacturing facility;

(D)

A water or wastewater treatment facility and water development, distribution or conveyance system, including a dam;

(E)

An electric generation facility and any associated substation or switchyard;

(F)

An electrical transmission or distribution substation;

(G)

An electrical transmission line of not less than sixty
‑
nine thousand (69,000) volts;

(H)

An electronic communication station or tower;

(J)

An energy control center;

(K)

A distribution operating center;

(M)

A facility that transfers or distributes natural gas, including a compressor station, regulator station, city gate station or pressure
‑
limiting station or a liquefied natural gas facility or supplier tap facility;

(N)

Any railroad infrastructure or facility;

(O)

A federal, state, county, chancery or municipal court;

(P)

A public safety or emergency operation facility;

(Q)

A federal, state, county or municipal jail or correctional facility or any other facility where persons are incarcerated;

(R)

A federal or state military installation or facility;

(S)

A hospital that receives air ambulance services;

(T)

Any surface, subsurface or in
‑
situ mining or manufacturing infrastructure or facility;

(U)

Any other facility or property deemed to be a critical infrastructure or critical system by the governor.

(vii)

"Model aircraft" means as defined in section 336 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012, P.L. 112
‑
95;

(viii)

"Unmanned aircraft system" means as defined by W.S. 6
‑
5
‑
214(a)(iii).

Section 3
.

This act is effective immediately upon completion of all acts necessary for a bill to become law as provided by Article 4, Section 8 of the Wyoming Constitution.

(END)

Speaker of the House

President of the Senate

Governor

TIME APPROVED: _________

DATE APPROVED: _________

I hereby certify that this act originated in the Senate.

Chief Clerk

1